Estrogen Timeline (Works cited)

 
 
  1. Speroff L. Clinical Gynecologic Endocrinology and Infertility. 6th ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams and Wilkins; 1999.

  2. Soules MR, Bremner WJ. The menopause and climacteric: endocrinologic basis and associated symptomatology. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1982;30:547-561.

  3. Marshall F, Jolley W. The ovary as an organ of internal secretion. Phil Trans R Soc. 1906;198:99-141.

  4. Goldzieher J, Rudel HW. How the oral contraceptives came to be developed. JAMA. 1974;230:421-425.

  5. Butenandt A, von Ziegner E., "On the Physiological Effectiveness of Crystallized Female Sex Hormones in the Allen-Doisy Test. Studies on the Female Sex Hormone. J Phys Chem. 1930;188:1-10.

  6. Doisy EA, Veler CD, Thayer SJ. Preparation of crystalline ovarian hormone from urine of pregnant women. J Biol Chem. 1930;86:499-509.

  7. Collip JB. Ovarian stimulating hormone of placenta. Can Med Assoc J. 1930;22:215-219.

  8. Beale D, Marrian GF. J Soc Chem Ind. 1934;53:309T-312T.

  9. Speert H. Obstetrics and Gynecology in America: A History. Chicago: The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; 1980.

  10. Dieckmann WJ, Davis ME, Rynkiewicz LM, et al. Does the administration of diethylstilbestrol during pregnancy have therapeutic value? Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1953;66:1062-1075.

  11. Data on file Wyeth-Ayerst.

  12. Elgee NJ. Medical aspects of oral contraceptives. Ann Intern Med. 1970;72:409-418.

  13. Anonymous. Oral contraceptives. Current status of therapy. JAMA. 1970;214:2316-2321.

  14. Vessey MP, Doll R. Investigation of relation between oral contraceptives and thromboembolic disease. A further report. Br Med J. 1969;2:651-657.

  15. Stolley PD, Tunascia JA, Tolkman MS, et al. Thrombosis with low-estrogen oral contraceptives. Am J Epidemiol. 1975;102:197-208.

  16. Farmer RDJ, Preston JD. The risk of venous thromboembolism associated with low-estrogen oral contraceptives. J Obstet Gynecol. 1995;15:195-200.

  17. Vessey MP. Epidemiologic studies of oral contraception. Int J Fertil. 1989;34:64-70.

  18. Smith DC, Prentice R, Thompson DJ, et al. Association of exogenous estrogen and endometrial carcinoma. N Eng J Med. 1975;293:1164-1167.

  19. Sartwell PE. Estrogen replacement therapy and endometrial carcinoma: epidemiologic evidence. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 1976;19:817-823.

  20. Weiss NS, Ure CL, Ballard JH, et al. Decreased risk of fractures of the hip and lower forearm with postmenopausal use of estrogen. N Engl J Med. 1980;303:1195-1198.

  21. Thom MH, White DJ, Williams RM, et al. Prevention and treatment of endometrial disease in climacteric women receiving estrogen. Lancet. 1979;2:455-457.

  22. Whitehead MI, Townsend PT, Pryse-Davies J, et al. Effects of estrogen and progestins on the biochemistry and morphology of the postmenopausal endometrium. N Engl J Med. 1981;305:1599-1605.

  23. Gambrell RD Jr, Bagnell CA, Greenblatt RB. Role of estrogens and progesterone in the etiology and prevention of endometrial cancer: a review. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1983;146:696-707.

  24. Voigt LF, Weiss NS, Chu J, et al. Progestagen supplementation of exogenous oestrogens and risk of endometrial cancer. Lancet. 1991;338:274-277.

  25. Ross RK, Paganini-Hill A, Mack TM, et al. Menopausal oestrogen therapy and protection from death from ischaemic heart disease. Lancet. 1981;1:858-860.

  26. Bain C, Willett W, Hennekens CH, et al. Use of postmenopausal hormones and risk of myocardial infarction. Circulation. 1981;64:42-46.

  27. Sullivan JM, Vander Zwaag R, Lemp GF, et al. Postmenopausal estrogen use and coronary atherosclerosis. Ann Intern Med. 1988;108:358-363.

  28. Lindsay R, Hart DM, Clark DM. The minimum effective dose of estrogen for the prevention of postmenopausal bone loss. Obstet Gynecol. 1984;63:759-763.

  29. Data on file Wyeth-Ayerst.

  30. Grimes DA. The safety of oral contraceptives: epidemiologic insights from the first 30 years. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1992;166:1950-1954.

  31. Ettinger B. Overview of estrogen replacement therapy: a historical prospective. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1998;217:2-5.

  32. Jayatilaka A, Poole CF. Computer-assisted optimization of the gas chromatographic separation of equine estrogens. J Chromatogr. 1993;617:19-27.

  33. Anonymous. Early breast cancer trialists' collaborative group. Systemic treatment of early breast cancer by hormonal, cytotoxic, or immune therapy. Lancet. 1992;339:1-15.

  34. Hirata JD, Sweirsz LM, Zell B, Small R, Ettinger B. Does dong quai have estrogenic effects on postmenopausal women? A double-blind, placebo-controlled trail. Fertil Steril. 1997;68:981-986.

  35. Taylor M. Alternatives to conventional hormone replacement therapy. Comp Ther. 1997;23:514-532.

  36. Robinson DC, Bloss JD, Schiano MA. A retrospective study of tamoxifen and endometrial cancer in breast cancer patients. Gynecol Oncol. 1995;59:186-190.

  37. Paganini-Hill A, Henderson VW. Estrogen replacement therapy and risk of Alzheimer's disease. Arch Intern Med. 1996;156:2213-2217.

  38. The Eye Disease Case-Control Study Group. Risk factors for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Arch Ophthalmol. 1992;110:1701-1708.

  39. Calle EE, Miracle-McMahill HL, Thun MJ, et al. Estrogen replacement therapy and risk of fatal colon cancer in a prospective cohort of postmenopausal women. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1995;87:517-523.

  40. Grodstein F, Colditz GA, Stampfer MJ. Post-menopausal hormone use and tooth loss: A prospective study. J Am Dent Assoc. 1996;127:370-377.

  41. The Writing Group for PEPI. Effects of hormone therapy on bone mineral density: results from the postmenopausal estrogen/progestin interventions (PEPI) trial. JAMA 1996;276:1389-96.

  42. Andersson B, Mattsson LA, Hahn L, et al. Estrogen replacement therapy decreases hyperandrogenicity and improves glucose homeostasis and plasma lipids in post-menopausal women with no insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1997;82:638-643.

  43. Kompoliti K. Estrogen and movement disorders. Clin Neuropharmacol 1999;22(6):318-26.

  44. Ettinger B, Black DM, Mitlak BH, Knickerbocker RK, Nickelsen T, Genant HK, Christiansen C, Delmas PD, Zanchetta JR, Stakkestad J, Gluer CC, Krueger K, Cohen FJ, Eckert S, Ensrud KE, Avioli LV, Lips P, Cummings SR. Reduction of vertebral fracture risk in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis treated with raloxifene: results from a 3-year randomized clinical trial. Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation (MORE) Investigators. JAMA. 1999;282:637-645.

  45. Cummings SR, Eckert S, Krueger KA, Grady D, Powles TJ, Cauley JA, Norton L, Nickelsen T, Bjarnason NH, Morrow M, Lippman ME, Black D, Glusman JE, Costa A, Jordan VC. The effect of raloxifene on risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women: results from the MORE randomized trial. Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation. JAMA. 1999;281:2189-2197.

  46. Mosca L, Barrett-Connor E, Wenger NK, Collins P, Grady D, Kornitzer M, Moscarelli E, Paul S, Wright TJ, Helterbrand JD, Anderson PW. Design and methods of the Raloxifene Use for The Heart (RUTH) study. Am J Cardiol. 2001;88:392-395.

  47. Casper RF, Dodin S, Reid RL, and Study Investigators. The effect of 20 mg ethinyl estradiol/1 mg norethindrone acetate (Minestrin™), a low-dose oral contraceptive, on vaginal bleeding patterns, hot flashes, and quality of life in symptomatic perimenopausal women. Menopause. 1997;4:139-147.

  48. Beral V, Bull D, Doll R, et al. Collaborative group on hormone factors in breast cancer. Breast cancer and hormone replacement therapy: collaborative reanalysis of data from 51 epidemiological studies of 52,705 women with breast cancer and 108,411 women without breast cancer. Lancet. 1997;350:1047-1059.

  49. Hulley S, Grady D, Bush T for the heart and estrogen/progestin replacement study (HERS) research group. Randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women. JAMA. 1998;280:605-613.

  50. Utian WH, Shoupe D, Bachmann G et al. Relief of vasomotor symptoms and vaginal atrophy with lower doses of conjugated equine estrogens and medroxyprogesterone acetate. Fertil Steril 2001;75:1065-79.

  51. Grady D, Herrington D, Bittner V, et al. Cardiovascular outcomes during 6.8 years of hormone therapy. Heart and estrogen/progestin replacement study follow-up (HERS II). JAMA 2002; 288:49-57.

  52. Hulley S, Furberg C, Barrett-Connor E, Cauley J, et al. Non-cardiovascular disease outcomes during 6.8 years of hormone therapy. Heart and Estrogen/progestin Replacement Study follow-up (HERS II). JAMA 2002; 288:58-66.

  53. Roussow JE, Anderson GL, Prentice RL, et al, and the Writing Group for the Women's Health Initiative Investigators. Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: principal results from the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2002;288:321-33.

  54. Rapp SR, Espeland MA, Shumaker SA, et al. Effect of estrogen plus progestin on global cognitive function in postmenopausal women: the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2003;289:2663-72.

  55. Shumaker SA, Legault C, Rapp SR, et al. Estrogen plus progestin and the incidence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment in postmenopausal women: Women’s Health Initiative Memory Study, a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2003;289:2651-62.

  56. Anderson GL, Limacher M, Assaf AR, et al. Effects of conjugated equine estrogen in postmenopausal women with hysterectomy: the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2004;291:1701-12.

  57. Espeland MA, Rapp SR, Shumaker SA, et al. Conjugated equine estrogens and global cognitive function in postmenopausal women: Health Initiative Memory Study. JAMA 2004;291:2959-68.

  58. Shumaker SA, Legault C, Kuller L,et al. Conjugated equine estrogens and incidence of probable dementia and mild cognitive impairment in postmenopausal women: Women’s Health Initiative Memory Study. JAMA 2004;291:2947-58.

  59. McTiernan A, Martin CF, Peck JD, et al. Estrogen-plus-progestin use and mammographic density in postmenopausal women: Women's Health Initiative randomized trial. J Natl Cancer Inst 2005;97:1366-76.

  60. Stefanick ML. Estrogens and progestins: background and history, trends in use, and guidelines and regimens approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Am J Med 2005;118(12 Suppl 2):64-73.

  61. Boothby LA, Doering PL, Kipersztok S. Bioidentical hormone therapy: a review. Menopause 2004;11:356-67.

  62. Stefanick ML, Anderson GL, Margolis KL, et al. Effects of conjugated equine estrogens on breast cancer and mammography screening in postmenopausal women with hysterectomy. JAMA 2006;295:1647-57.
 

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